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Request Appointment. Cervical dysplasia: Is it cancer? Products and services. I had a Pap test recently, and my doctor said the results showed cervical dysplasia. What does that mean? Is it cancer? Answer From Shannon K. There are more than different HPV viruses. About 40 of these affect the genitals. The viruses are spread through sexual contact. Most viruses are low risk for cancer. About 12 are high risk.
High-risk HPV types 16 and 18 cause about 70 percent of cervical cancer cases. Cervical dysplasia is typically detected during a routine pap test. For this test, your doctor swabs your cervix to collect a sample of cells. This is generally not painful. The cells are then sent to a lab.
It can take up to 3 weeks for the lab to process the test. The pap test results can be normal, inconclusive, or abnormal. You could have a simple infection in your cervix or vagina. Your doctor may order a repeat pap test. Further action or diagnoses will depend on your age and medical history.
An abnormal result is known as cervical dysplasia. On the pap test, the precancerous cells may be classified as:. Additional testing is needed to see if the cell changes are mild, moderate, or severe. A colposcopy is an in-office procedure that gives your doctor a closer look at your cervix.
HPV infection and cervical dysplasia generally cause no symptoms. Regular gynecological visits including a pelvic exam and Pap test can identify the conditions.
Then your physician can help manage them before they turn cancerous. In some cases, the body clears HPV infection on its own. Symptoms of cervical cancer usually do not appear until abnormal cervical cells become cancerous and invade nearby tissue. The most common symptom is abnormal bleeding that starts and stops between regular menstrual periods, or that occurs after sexual intercourse, douching, or a pelvic exam.
Other symptoms may include:. These symptoms may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Consult a physician for diagnosis. Request your next appointment through My Chart! Production of this Web site has been made possible through a financial contribution from the Public Health Agency of Canada. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Please note that some content on this website contains language, information and images related to sexuality and drug use, and may not be intended for people of all ages.
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Print-friendly PDF. Summary Cervical dysplasia is an abnormal change in the cells of the cervix in the uterus. Dysplasia and cancer of the cervix The cervix is the opening of the uterus womb that leads into the vagina. Pap test results Here are some of the most common test results: Normal: There is no evidence of abnormal changes in the cells sampled.
This test result can be caused by a yeast infection, using oral contraceptives, or problems with taking the sample. Usually doctors repeat the Pap test in a few weeks or test for the presence of high risk types of HPV.
If it persists for at least two to three visits, it can be assumed that it could lead to cancer. These cells are very difficult to detect. Biopsy Results Normal: There is no evidence of abnormal changes in the sampled cells.
For this reason, CIN-1 is usually treated. All or almost all of the cells in the sample may be pre-cancerous and indicates the need for treatment in most cases.
Further tests will be done to find out if the cancer is confined to a small area or if it has spread called invasive carcinoma. There are several ways that cervical dysplasia may be treated: Cryotherapy destroys the lesion by freezing.
There can be some discomfort or pain. After the treatment, spotting and watery discharge are common. Laser treatment destroys the lesion with an intense beam of light.
This procedure is often done in a day-surgery clinic. It can be uncomfortable and can cause spotting and discharge afterward. LEEP stands for loop electrosurgical excision procedure. The lesion is surgically removed by an electrical current that passes through a very fine wire loop and cauterizes the cervix at the same time so that it does not bleed afterward.
Cone biopsy removes a cone-shaped piece of tissue from the opening of the cervix and can remove a lesion or very small cancer.
It is usually done in a hospital with a laser or a scalpel and patients are given an anesthetic. Some bleeding and pain or discomfort is common after this treatment. There are several treatment options if cancer is confirmed: Surgery may be used to remove cancerous tissue. If the cancer has spread, surgery to remove the cervix and uterus, called a hysterectomy, may be necessary.
Sometimes the fallopian tubes, ovaries and lymph nodes from the pelvis are removed at the same time. Radiation therapy is often prescribed for cervical cancer that has spread beyond the cervix. In radiation therapy, high-energy rays are used to kill cancer cells.
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